Abstract
Introduction: Dizziness is a common problem in clinical practice. It can be caused by many conditions affecting the ear, brain, mind, or other body systems. Finding the exact cause is often hard because patients describe their symptoms in different ways. Our aim was to study who gets dizziness, what symptoms they have, and what causes it in patients coming to our ENT center.
Methods: We did this study in the ENT outpatient department of from July 2025 to April 2026. We included 150 adult patients with dizziness. We took detailed history, did clinical examination, and ordered relevant tests to find the cause.
Results: Of the 150 patients enrolled, 88 (58.67%) were female. Dizziness was the predominant presenting symptom, with non-specific dizziness reported most frequently (40.67%), followed by true vertigo (34.67%) and imbalance (24.67%). Audiovestibular comorbidities were common with hearing in 43.33%. On examination, nystagmus was observed in 44.0% of cases, and the Dix-Hallpike maneuver was positive in 35.33%. Peripheral vestibulopathy constituted the largest diagnostic category, accounting for 59.33% of all cases. Among specific etiologies, benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) was the most frequent diagnosis (35.33%), followed by Ménière's disease (12.67%) and vestibular neuritis (8.0%).
Conclusion: Peripheral vestibular disorders were the most common cause of dizziness. BPPV was the leading diagnosis. Knowing the demographic and clinical features helps in making accurate diagnosis and giving proper treatment. More studies in multiple centers with larger numbers are needed to better understand dizziness in different populations.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Sharad Paudel, Anup Acharya, Bhuwan Raj Pandey, Bilash Shrestha, Pratiksha Ghimire